Unlocking the Past: Scientific Analysis of Ancient Art and Artifacts

This project will delve into the composition and molecular structure of samples taken from 16th–18th century paintings at the Raclin Murphy Museum and stones from the Temple of Poseidon at Isthmia, Greece. Utilizing non-destructive techniques like X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction, followed by advanced methods such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and cutting-edge electron microscopy (SEM and STEM), we aim to unlock the secrets of these ancient materials. Our goals are to deepen the understanding of the materials used in these historic artifacts, support conservation and restoration efforts, and uncover the rich history they embody. This project will provide undergraduate students with an inspiring, interdisciplinary training experience, equipping them with advanced analytical skills and opportunities to present their work at conferences, in publications, and through lectures. By bridging art, history, and science, we aim to preserve and celebrate our shared cultural heritage using advanced scientific methods.

Name of research group, project, or lab
Manukyan, Nuclear Science Lab
Website
https://sites.nd.edu/kmanukyan/
Why join this research group or lab?

Joining this group offers a unique opportunity to be part of a dynamic environment where cutting-edge science meets cultural preservation. We are dedicated to unraveling the mysteries of historical artifacts and artworks using state-of-the-art analytical techniques, making significant contributions to both scientific knowledge and cultural heritage conservation. This project is particularly important because it bridges the gap between art, history, and science. By analyzing ancient materials, we not only deepen our understanding of the past but also help preserve and restore invaluable cultural treasures. The interdisciplinary nature of our work allows you to collaborate with experts from various fields, providing a holistic and enriching research experience.

Beyond this project, our lab is engaged in various research endeavors, from studying the stability of modern materials in extreme environments to exploring the nuclear reactions occurring in stars. The diversity of our research ensures exposure to various scientific challenges, all while contributing to work that has a real-world impact.

Representative publication
pnas.2301856120.pdf
Logistics Information:
Project categories
Art, Art History, and Design
Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
Chemistry and Biochemistry
Physics & Astronomy
Student ranks applicable
First Year
Sophomore
Junior
Senior
Student qualifications

For undergraduates interested in this project, a basic understanding of chemistry and physics and some principles of atomic and molecular spectroscopy is helpful but not required. We are looking for students who are curious, eager to learn, and excited about the intersection of science, art, and history. You'll have the chance to work with advanced tools and techniques, but we'll provide the training and guidance you need to succeed.

There are no specific physical requirements beyond the ability to work in a lab setting. More than anything, we're seeking students who are enthusiastic about exploring the past through science . If you have a passion for learning and a desire to contribute to meaningful research, this project could be an excellent fit for you.

Hours per week
1 credit / 3-6 hours
2 credits / 6-12 hours
Summer - Full Time
Summer - Part Time
Compensation
Research for Credit
Paid - General
Number of openings
2
Techniques learned

Students will gain hands-on experience and data analysis knowledge for:

  • X-ray Fluorescence (XRF): Used for elemental analysis of materials.
  • Raman Spectroscopy: Applied to study molecular structures and identify materials based on their vibrational modes.
  • X-ray Diffraction (XRD): Employed to determine the crystalline structure of materials.

Students will also gain substantial knowledge in the following methods, depending on the specific projects they undertake.

  • X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS): For analyzing surface chemistry and elemental composition.
  • Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM): Provides high-resolution imaging and analysis of material surfaces.

  • Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM): Used to examine materials at the nanoscale, including atomic structure and composition.

     

Contact Information:
Mentor
Khachatur Manukyan
kmanukya@nd.edu
Associate Research Professor
Name of project director or principal investigator
Khachatur Manukyan
Email address of project director or principal investigator
kmanukya@nd.edu
2 sp. | 9 appl.
Hours per week
1 credit / 3-6 hours (+3)
1 credit / 3-6 hours2 credits / 6-12 hoursSummer - Full TimeSummer - Part Time
Project categories
Chemistry and Biochemistry (+3)
Art, Art History, and DesignChemical and Biomolecular EngineeringChemistry and BiochemistryPhysics & Astronomy